![]() Apple used to make a lot of old stuff freely available on its website Eject the disk when you’re done, like any other removable drive.In addition to a system ROM, the Mac emulators require a copy of the Mac operating system, just called System. On the corresponding Mac the drive should appear as a mounted volume, allowing you to transfer files to or from it freely. Start up in Target Disk Mode by holding T on startup on the Mac you want to share. If either computer has macOS 11 or later, you’ll need to use a Thunderbolt cable for this. If you have an Intel-based Mac user Target Disk Mode to make your drive available to another Mac using a USB, USB-C, or Thunderbolt cable. Tim Brookes / How-To Geek T: Target Disk Mode Note: Mac models with a T2 chip may need to mount the startup volume before this will work, which instead requires booting into Recovery Mode and then following the same instructions as Apple Silicon models as described above. After this, you can perform standard Terminal operations. Before long, you’ll see a command line prompt where you may need to authenticate with your password. Press and hold Command+S while your Mac boots to access single-user mode. Press and hold Command+Option+P+R while your Mac boots to reset it. There are all sorts of reasons to reset your NVRAM or PRAM, like if you’re having trouble getting your machine to start, starting from the wrong volume, or are simply having unexplained issues. This is only present on older Intel-based Mac models, so Apple Silicon users don’t have the option to reset it. ![]() This includes things like screen resolution, which drive to boot from, volume, and more. Non-volatile RAM (NVRAM) or parameter RAM (PRAM) stores information while your Mac is off. ![]() Tim Brookes / How-To Geek Command+Option+P+R: Reset NVRAM/PRAM You can also launch Apple Diagnostics from the internet by holding Option+D at startup, which is handy if you can’t get online. Run Apple Diagnostics to check your Mac for known issues, then cross-reference any error codes you get with Apple Support. This includes USB drives that are plugged in while your computer starts up, Windows partitions created with Boot Camp, or additional macOS installs that are stored on external drives. If you want to boot from a different partition or volume then hold Option while your Mac boots to see a list of eligible boot disks. This allows you to do things like reinstall macOS, access Disk Utility to attempt to repair any drives, execute commands using the Terminal, or restore from a Time Machine backup. To access Recovery Mode, press and hold Command+R while your Mac boots. In the Utilities section are a few more useful tools:
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